7种珍奇动物，你认识几个

猪猪仔1

羚牛是不丹的国兽，叫做“塔金”。羚牛由于产地不同，毛色由南至北逐渐变浅，在不丹毛色为金色，在中国毛色为白色。

02

长耳跳鼠外形犹如动画片《宠物小精灵》中的小精灵，被称为“沙漠中的米老鼠”，极具童话色彩。

与大多数沙漠中生活的动物一样，长耳跳鼠喜欢夜间活动。

长耳跳鼠前肢短小，后肢细长，几乎是身体的两倍长，这使得长耳跳鼠可以后腿直立活动，就跟袋鼠一样，耳朵极大，几乎跟头长一样，是耳朵比例最大的动物。

长耳跳鼠可以说基本上是中国特产，分布区狭窄，主要分布于内蒙古西部、甘肃北部、青海的柴达木盆地以及新疆的东部和南部，国外仅见蒙古国的外阿尔泰。由于居住环境遭到严重破坏，长耳跳鼠已经被国际自然保护联合会列为濒危物种之一。

03

科莫多巨蜥又称科莫多龙，是已知世界上现存最大的蜥蜴，体长可达3米，体重可达90千克。

科莫多巨蜥性情凶猛，成年科莫多巨蜥会吃掉同类幼崽，偶尔攻击人类，可以以每小时20公里的速度追击猎物，但通常以腐肉为食，嗅觉极其灵敏，可以闻到数公里之外的腐肉味道。

科莫多龙最厉害之处是它拥有致命的生化武器——充满致命细菌的唾液，一旦猎物被咬，唾液中的细菌就会顺着伤口进入猎物体内，通过血液循环迅速传播，很快动物就会因败血症而行动变缓，72小时内便会死亡。

科莫多巨蜥只需跟在猎物后面，等待猎物死亡。即使是水牛这样强壮的动物也会因为无药可救的感染而死亡。

科莫多巨蜥已濒临灭绝，仅存在于科莫多岛和邻近的几个岛屿，野外仅存3000只左右，印度尼西亚已在科莫多岛上建立国家公园，以使科莫多巨蜥种族壮大。

04

树袋熊又名无尾熊、树熊、考拉，是澳大利亚的国宝，也是澳大利亚珍贵的原始树栖哺乳动物。

树袋熊从它们取食的桉树叶中获取所需的90%的水分，只有在生病和干旱的时候喝水。树袋熊性情温顺，体态憨厚，它们极其挑食，只吃桉树，而且只吃桉树中的30多种。

桉树叶营养极地，且富含毒素，可谓是“垃圾食品”，因为每天吃没有营养的“垃圾食品”，树袋熊不得不花很多时间休息，才有体力去进食，树袋熊一天要睡上18-20个小时，是世界上最能睡的动物，清醒的时候大部分时间也是用来吃东西。

树袋熊反应极慢，反射弧似乎也很长，曾经有人尝试用力捏树袋熊一下，结果经过很长一段时间树袋熊才发出尖叫。

05

鸭嘴兽是最原始的哺乳动物之一，是未完全进化的哺乳动物，也是最低等的哺乳动物之一。鸭嘴兽的外形非常奇特，它的嘴和脚像鸭子，而身体和尾巴像海狸，它的长相实在太奇特了，以至于把它的标本展示时，许多人都认为是恶作剧的产物。

鸭嘴兽早在2500万年前就已经出现，数量极少，至今仍生活在澳大利亚。雄性鸭嘴兽膝盖背面有一根空心的刺，刺中含有毒液，用后肢向敌人猛戳时会释放毒液，是极少数会利用毒液自卫的哺乳动物之一。

鸭嘴兽在学术上有重要意义，历经千万年，既未灭绝，也没多少进化，始终在“过渡阶段”徘徊，充满了神秘感。由于其特殊性和稀少，已被列为国际保护动物。

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